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KMID : 0377619720230050505
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1972 Volume.23 No. 5 p.505 ~ p.518
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A Basic Survey on School Health Nursing Service in Korea
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金命鎬/Kim, Myung Ho
安芝英/朴明子/金慶禧/Ahn, Ji Yung/Park, Myung Ja/Kim, Kyung Hee
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Abstract
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There is no doubt that the school health program is one of the most important fields for the promotion and improvement of national health. However, school health programs are not satisfactorily carried out in many countries, including Korea. Korea, especially, is facing problems such, as- shortage of school health _personnel, lack of adequate facilities, etc. Because of this, adequate and effective planning and implementation of the school health program is strongly emphasized .in our country. The following survey was done in order to provide basic information about existing programs and to stimulate the development of school health programs of 660 elementary schools and 187 secondary schools, a postal survey .elicited replies from 218 (33. 0%) of the elementary schools and 89 (47.6%)= of -the secondary schools.
The results were as follows
1. 162 (52. 70) of the schools in the survey were located in metropolitan .areas; 74 (24.1%) in moderately urban areas; and 71 (23.2%) in farming or fishing areas.
2. The usual size of the school was 2,000-3,000. students. 55 (25.2%) of. the elementary schools: and. 37 (41. 6%) of the secondary schools were of this size.
3. 121 (55.5%) of the. elementary schools and 28 (31. 5%) of the secondary schools had more than 36 classes.
4. Specific rooms for the. health clinic had been. established in 184 elementary schools (84.4x%) and in 85. secondary schools (95.50).
5. Office equipment in the health rooms were adequate for 187 elementary schools(85.8%) and 85 secondary schools (95.5%1). However, equipment for health services was; not as adequate. 149 elementary schools (68.3%) have only one bed, while 154 elementary (70.6%) and 78 secondary schoools (87.6%) have equipment such as scales for height and weight measurements. Medical instruments for emergency care and preventive measures are provided (5-7 kinds generally) in 102 elementary schools (46.8%) and in 54 secondary schools (60.7%). Drugs and sanitary materials for emergency care are fairly satisfactorily provided (16-19 items) in 125 elementary schools (57.3%) and in 68 secondary schools (76.4%).
6. Health personnel, such -as school health nurses, are working as full-time workers in 173 elementary schools (79.4%) and in 64 secondary schools (71. 9%).
7. Monthly salaries for nurses ranged from 20, 000-30, 000 Won in 70 (32. 1%) of the elementary schools, and from 30,000-40,000 Won in 43 (19.7%) of the elementary schools. In 35 (39.3%) of the secondary schools the salary ranged.. from 40, 000-50, 000 Won.
8. The annual health budget for most schools was between 100, 000-200, 000 Won;34 (15.6%) elementary schools and 18 (20.2%) secondary schools.
9. Committee organizations for school health are established in 66 (30.3%) elementary schools and 35 (39.3%) secondary schools.
10. Only annual planning for school health is carried out in 79 (36.2%) elementary schools and 38 (42.7%) secondary schools. No monthly or weekly planning was reported.
11. The school principals are most active in cooperating in the school health program. Teachers and students are relatively inactive.
12. Equipment for audio-visual education is provided as follows: loud speakers in 162 (74. 3%) of the elementary schools and in 51 (57.3%) of the secondary schools; slide projectors in 152 (69.7%) of the elementary schools and in 52 (58.016) of the secondary schools.
13. Separate and independent health teaching classes are being implemented in. 126 (57.8%) elementary schools and in 56 (62.9%) secondary schools. Most of these schools have 1-2 hours a week.
14. Teachers in 61 (27.9%) elementary schools and in 3 (3.4%) secondary schools have opportunities for health teaching, usually once a month,
15. Nurses in 164 (74. 9%) elementary schools and 65 (73. 1%) secondary schoolsare graduates from nursing schools or nursing colleges.
16. In regard to the length of professional life as the school nurses, nurses, have worked for longer than 4 years in 138 (68.3%) elementary schools and in 20 (22. 5%) secondary schools.
17. School nurses are working equally in the fields of health service, environ mental sanitation, health education and in relationships between the school and the community. First aid and emergency care, immunization, physical examination and health consultation are among the main services carried out in both_ elementary and secondary schools.
18. In-service for school nurses are carried out in 152 (69.7%) elementary sch ools and in 24 (27. 0%) secondary schools.
19. The school nurses listed overloading of daily work schedule, narrow space of health clinic, inadequate set-up of health rooms, insanitary water supply and unsatisfactory health education programs as the main problems of the school. health programs.
20. Nurses recognized their needs as follows : (1) solving current health problems; (2) planning of health activities; (3) increasing of health budget; (4) their own education and training.
21. School authorities recognized the following items for improvement of school´ health planning and implementation : (1) organization of school health committee; (2) cooperation between school and health centers ; (3) obtaining of health personnel; (4) satisfactory facilities : (5) environment cleanliness and (6) systematic health education.
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